Island



dinard JOHN ERNSHW-. l 0F EAST GREENWCH, Letten: Patent No. 84,483, dated .December 1, 186B. y i

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IVIPROVEMENT IN son smears-c onora;

The schedule referred. ro in nisse Letters Patent and making pm of the @me *Mapa-.

To, all whom 'it may concern.:

Be it known thatl, Jenn EanssHAw, ot' the town of East Greenwich, county of Kent, and State of'Rhode Island, have invented certahr new and useful Improvements in Cloth-Finishilg Machines; and I do hereby declare that the fbllowing, taken in' connection with the drawings which accompany and form part of this speci- Alioation, isa description of my invention, sufficientfor l 'will also be fully described, and which is represented by drawings 'accompanying this specification, iu'whichvvFigur-e1 is a. front view;

Flgure 2, a right-hand end View; Figure 3, a left-hand end view; and Figure 4, an end View of a modification of my inven-- .tion, and in which t'wo stencil-plates are shown.

A flame, A, is provided with suitable journals for the shafts of carrying-cylimler B and t-he guide-'rollers O, over which n n'endless stencil-belt passes. This stencil is formed of anysuitable thin metal,- and has any suitable device, design, or pattern cut out of its" body, as in ordinarystencil-plates. It passes over the, `cyhnder B, canying under it, and `upon the convex surface of the cylinder, the fabric to be operated upon, and by suitable tension produced by adjustable or movable jonmals, a., placed'within it, causes the fabric to be uniformly fed forward with it.

' The fabric, b, passes from the feed or holding-.roller c, over the cylindenB, and after being treated or iinished as will be described, itis wound Iupon the roller ll. An y suitable means of introducing the fabric under the stencil, and ove'r the earrying-cylimlcr or supports ing-bed B, and disposing of it afterits surface is treated, may he used.`

Supportedin proper journals rising from the frame A, is aroller (ii-cylinder D, provided with card-teeth, which act upon the stencil-belt, sti-etched or covering the convex surface of the carrying cylinder or support- 4ing-bed B, and mises or turns the nap olf all portions ofthe fabric, e'lxcept 'that part or portions'protected by the unremeved parts of the stencil-plate.

' It is obvious that, by pribrat-ing the stencil-plate in various designs and figures, the same will be reproduced in form on the surface of the fabric, as herein before set forth.'

l may here remark that in making elearstripcd patterns, the stencil may be eut in strips, and have guides lo guide them in their propel' place on the bed B.

The carrying-cylluder Bis enclosed at its ends, and has connected to it steam-pipe, E, which supplies it with steam as a heating-medium, which also extendsy `upwards, and connects with auothertcam-p e, e, (which may be a continuation of pipe 19,) whic extends aeross the face of thecylinder IB, and '1n a plane parallel with it, andwhich'is provided with small perforations along its entire length, for the purpose of throwing small jets of steam on the exposed portions of the fabric.

It' may be remarked that the supply-ofsteam to this pipe may be' shut off by av valve located at a point above the induetion-paage to cylinder E. Onone side of the carrying-cylinder, and arranged in .a plane parallel with its periphery, is a cylinder, F

one side of which is extended towards the surface o the cylinder B, carrying stencil-plate and fabric,and has an opening or slot extending along its entire length at this point, as shown at y, iig. 2. This cylinder or box F is made to contain a suitable colorin'gbduid for treating the fabric, to which' it is applied in the followv ing manner: l

Within the cylinder F is a circular brush, h, rotated by meaus'of a pulley, k, which communicates motion, through the pulley i, to its shalt.

As motion is communicated bythe means aforesaid, the brush is caused to revolve rapidly,.throwing the water o1' coloring-fluid through the opening or slot g, in a fine inist, upon the. nap-raising device and the exposed port-ions of the fabric, previous to its passing under the nap-raising device, by which it is worked evenly among the fibres and into the fabric.

The amountof coloring-matter reaching the cloth is regulated by the opening or slot g, which may be provided with suitable means for closing or reducing its size, so that the amount of coloring-matter allowed to pass through may be greater or less, as is desired.

When moisture alone is required, and no coloring desired, water alone may be introduced into the cylinder F, which will, by the means described, be transferred to thefabric, in the form of a tine mist or vapor, or steam-j ets from pipe e may be used, or a water-pipe may be connected with pipe e, so that water-Jets may be used, or moist-nre may be applied from rollers arranged as are. the inkiug-rollers of printing-presses. Either will accomplish the purpose, though one, in some ,ca-ses, may be more desirable than-the other.

' As before remarked, steam is introduced, through the pipe E, into lthe carrying-cylinder B, for the purpose of heating the same. l

l .lhe heated cylinder' causes the water, which is applied to or upon the fabric, to bc converted to a con-- siderable extentinto steam, which makes the action of the card or the teazle on roller D more eli'ective xn its operation upon the fabric, and lalso sets, the coloring-l matter in the fabric, as is well understood.

The heat of the cylinder acting in combination with .the moisture, by being brought in close contact with the back of the fabric, gives a set'or permanence to the fibres of the fabric after they have been raised, making the libres or the figures so raised much more durable and permanent than if dried in thcusualway, without being subject to a high heat.

Heat may be applied to the fabric after it has left- After the fabric has passed the napping-roller D, and, its nap has been raised, I(for some fabrics,) I cause its l surface to be trimmed or sheared hy a device shown at G, which consists 0f a ledger-blade and revolving knife, as in ordinary cloth-shearing machines. lt is hinged to the frame at 1', and may, be swung away ii'om contact. with the fabric at pleasurc,and may be adjusted,

with inference to the surface ofthe cloth, by means of set-screws projecting through its snmiorting-arins m, and resting against the frame-work of the machine.

` The shalt of .the revolving knife is provided with a from the pulley o of the main shaft, b v means of a belt. `I have now explained the general arrangr-uucnt of my machine with one stencil-belt. I will now show the arrangement for two.

Fig. 1` shows the arlangemmit so clearly that, when take"V in connection with whathas been previously said, but little explanation is necessary. 1

Each stencil-belt passes over the rollers (l U, then over a portion of the fabric and cylinder, holding the fabric firmly in its place, on the bed B, during thc time of said finishing-operations, as previously explained. Around the cylinder B, and near each end, are projections or pins, P P I P, equal distances apart. Near each edge or selvage of the stencil-belt are holes' or large eyelets, corresponding in size and distance apart with the pins in cylinder B.

It will be seen that, when the stencils are passing on the cylinder, the pins Awill project into the holes or eyelets in the stencil-belts, thus guidingl the stencils in their proper place on the fabric, and Agiving to cach a proper and conjoint motion with the other. The neces sity of this is manifest to produce the figures from eaclr stencil in their proper place on the fabric.

The' various finishing-devices, consisting of'coloring, shearing, &c., may be used in combination with each stencil, it' desirable. 4

I would here state that, by making the cylinder suiiiciently large, more stencils may be used, if desirable, and that the cylinder should be sufficiently large to dry the fabric afterleaving the. first and before it passes under the second stencil, and, if not .sufficiently dry after leaving the second stencil, it may be kept longer in contact with thebot cylinder, by means of aroller, S.

I have shown a means of producing tension upon 'the stencil-plate or belt.- The same may be used where two stencils are used.

I do not confine myself to. this means, as many others may be used to produce the same result.

A sufficient tension to cause 4the fabric to be held firmly upon the convex surface of the bed B,^. and between it andthe stencil-belt, during -the time that is subject to the various finiShing-operations, is necessary to-the proper workingof my machine.

1 have shown a means of heating the cylinder or bed B, by means of steam as a heating-medium, butdo not confine myself to steam, asA many other ways or means nay-be employed; but it is desirable, when using moisture, to use as steady and high heat as can pmctically be used for the purpose of drying the fabric, raising the figures, and giving them permanence, as previously explained.

.-pulley, n, by which motion maybe (mmmunicated to it moisture,

A nap may bc raised upon the fabric while dry, but moisture is necessary in raising a goed velvet nap upon woollen goods. Itis also desirable that the moisture should not spread beyond the figure or design.cut in the stencil.

By my mode of 'applying 'the color or moisture in a vapor from the cylinder, it being deposited on the eX- poscd portions ofthe fabric, and prevented from spreading by thc tension or pressure of the stencil-plate upon the cloth, I am enabled to color the figures produced on the fabric with a clcamess' of outline not attained by other means.

I may arrange the color-cylinder 'F so that the brush will apply the color directly to the fabric by close contact therewith, though I do not regard such an arrangement desirable.

I may here remark that, in lieu of card-teeth on the cylinder D, I may usc teazlesor stiff brushes, as may be found desirable.

It is obvious that my machine may be used in finishing a great variety of fabrics in an almost endless number of patterns and stylcs;for instance-,.chinchillas, velvets, and other long-nap goods, may be inishe'd with pmt-ions correslmmling to theforms of the perforations in the stencil-plates shcared off, for aftelzpassing under the upraising-dcvice, the shearing-devicel will trim 11p the nap so raised, o1: cut it oii close to the surface of the cloth, if desirable; or, in lieu of the shearing-device,

vibrating rollers, or any other felting-device, may be attached to the frame of Vthe machine, which will lay the nap or fibres of the cloth in straight lines, giving to the figured sul-laccof the fabric achinchilla-or felted surface. Also, by the -useof two stencils working in harmony together, most all kinds of figures Amay be produced, ibr what cannotbe' cut on the first stencil (it being` necessary tliatzcertain portions be left uncut to holdthe plate together) can be cut in thesecond, and thetwo stencils operating together will produce complex figures of most any kind.

' Felt or other plain-surfaced goods may have a velvet nap raised upon their suifaceseorresponding to the design in the first stencil, and the raised or napped sur- -face may be colored to meet the fancy, producing in light fabrics a very pretty effect. It may also have the figures trinuned or felted bythcvarious finishing-devices, in omnbination with the first stencil; and bythe various finishing-devices, in combination with the second stencil, other figures of adili'erent color and style of finish may be given to other portions of the same fabric.

Thus it will be seen that, bythe variable combinations of my machine, it will finish fabrics in vall the various designs and colors, and in new and original styles of finish.

What I claim as new and useful, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. An endless with a nap-raising device, substantially as and for the purpose set foith. v

2. A nap-raising device, convex supporting-bed, and continuous stencil-plate, substantially as described, arranged for conjoint operation, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The cmnbination of a heated work-supporting surface, a stencil-plate, and a nap-iaising mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose s'et forth.

4. The combination of a supporting-bed, a stencilplate, and a shearing-device, substantially as herein described.

5. Devices, substantially as described, for applying in combination with a continuous stencilplate, arranged and operating substantially aslset forth.

6. Devices forapplying coloring-matter to the cloth, in combination with mechanism for working and teazling the same, substantially as herein set forth.

iiexible stencil-belt, incombination 7. The devices for applying the @loving-matter, combined with the device for steaming or molstcning the same, as herein set furth.

8. The combination of the supporting-bed, stencilplate, :md .napraising dvice, with the shearing-device, as herein described.

9. The adj ustable tension-rollers, iu combination with as described.

J ORN EARNSHAW. Witnesses: I

BENJAMIN ARNOLD, ,WILLIAM 1).- AJnNoLD. 

